Plithotaxis requires force transmission across many cell-cell junctions and therefore is an emergent property of the cell group.

Mechanical forces can be transmitted by focal adhesion sites, integrins, and cell-cell junctions.

Cells were maintained in humidified air containing 5% CO 2 for two weeks to allow for cell-cell junctions to mature.

Ectoplasmic specialisations are actin-related cell-cell junctions, present in the testicular seminiferous epithelium.

Physical barrier through keratinocytes attached together via cell-cell junctions and associated to cytoskeletal proteins, which gives the epidermis its mechanical strength.

As a consequence, cell-cell junctions are disrupted which enhances epithelial permeability of toxin B and fluid accumulation in the lumen.

Classical cadherins are important proteins for cells to bind in the body ("in vivo") where they commonly stabilize cell-cell junctions known as adherens junctions.

Adherens junctions (or zonula adherens, intermediate junction, or "belt desmosome") are protein complexes that occur at cell-cell junctions in epithelial tissues, usually more basal than tight junctions.

Such "collecting" of nutrient particles through an intact tegument is only possible because some "insulating" elements (specifically, a basal lamina under the epitheloid and certain types of cell-cell junctions) are not present in the Placozoa.

IDs are described to consist of three different types of cell-cell junctions: the actin filament anchoring adherens junctions (fascia adherens), the intermediate filament anchoring desmosomes (macula adherens) and gap junctions.

Because of this specialized expression in arterial endothelial cells, and because PTP is found to associate with proteins involved in maintaining endothelial cell-cell junctions, such as VE-cadherin, PTP is hypothesized to regulate endothelial cell junction formation or permeability.

The basolateral membrane refers to both the lateral membrane where cell-cell junctions connect neighboring cells and to the basal membrane where cells are attached to the basement membrane, a thin sheet of extracellular matrix proteins that separates the epithelial sheet from underlying cells and connective tissue.