So that no subject had to be excluded because of duodenogastric bile reflux.

Also bile reflux is a common endoscopic finding in patients with dyspepsia.

Bile reflux, such as may be seen post-Billroth II.

Choline concentration in gastric juice was used as duodenogastric bile reflux marker.

The Mini gastric bypass uses the low set loop reconstruction and thus has rare chances of bile reflux.

Nine out of 10 patients had three or more symptoms as well as pain; the main additional problems were nausea, vomiting, bile reflux, and weakness.

When this occurs, conjugated bilirubin and the waste products that usually would be cleared in bile reflux back into the bloodstream.

Long follow up time or concomitant pyloroplasty, or both, and thus possibly increased bile reflux, may have influenced the incidence of Barrett's oesophagus.

(Bile reflux was usually identified by a particular taste in the patients mouth, which was recognised from previous bile vomiting.)

Certain diseases, such as pernicious anemia, chronic bile reflux, stress and certain autoimmune disorders can cause gastritis as well.

Free duodenogastro bile reflux was seen in two cases, but the pylorus was deformed in all 21 and was wide open constantly in 16.

Bile reflux: A backflow of bile into the stomach from the bile tract (that connects to the liver and gallbladder).

Chronic causes are infection with bacteria, primarily Helicobacter pylori, chronic bile reflux, and stress; certain autoimmune disorders can cause gastritis as well.

If bile reflux is important aetiological factor in gastric carcinogenesis in this situation, it might be expected that gastric mucosal DNA should also show evidence of bile related adduction.

The main contender, bile reflux, has been excluded by both clinical and experimental studies, although bile reflux may be linked to stricture formation in patients with CLO.

It may also be caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a bacterium that lives in the mucous lining of the stomach and can lead to ulcers and even stomach cancer; pernicious anemia; and bile reflux.

Chronic gastritis Chronic gastritis may be caused by prolonged irritation from the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), infection with the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, pernicious anemia (an autoimmune disorder), degeneration of the lining of the stomach from age, or chronic bile reflux.

Using the P-postlabelling method with butanol extraction as an enhancement procedure we have compared adduct levels in a group of patients who have had either a previous truncal vagotomy and drainage where bile reflux might be expected or a previous highly selective vagotomy where bile reflux is less common.