backscattering , także: backscatter

Backscattering: Reflecting light back in the direction of the source.

So the backscattering is dependent on a mix of these two factors.

Coherent backscattering is very difficult to detect and measure for two reasons.

This substantial enhancement is called the cone of coherent backscattering.

The elastic backscattering of low energy electrons from surfaces is strong.

And the backscattering of these particles is then recorded and measured.

The enhanced backscattering relies on the constructive interference between reverse paths.

Neutron backscattering is one of several inelastic neutron scattering techniques.

The collisions of atoms are elastic collisions (Rutherford backscattering is one example).

Coherent backscattering is observed in random media; for visible light most typically in suspensions like milk.

Scattered ions form shadow cones (see above) behind each atom, which prevents any backscattering at low incidence angles.

This backscattering causes the projectiles to lose energy proportional to the mass of the target and is of the order of a few hundred eV.

Kinematic or elastic backscattering occurs when low energy (1-100 eV) electrons impinge on a clean, well-ordered crystalline specimen.

In the 1970s Holliday began testing a revolutionary technique for the detection and size measurement of zooplankton in thin layers involving multi-frequency backscattering.

Coherent backscattering has its origin in the interference between direct and reverse paths in the backscattering direction.

This Compton backscattering produces high energy photons in the MeV to GeV range subsequently used for nuclear physics experiments.

The latter property makes it ideal for detection of low energy β particles because of low backscattering, but not very suitable for γ detection.

This backscattering (or reflection) produces an energy spectrum at the receiver, even if the energy source is single-frequency, because of the shape and motion of the sea surface.

Coherent backscattering, an enhancement of backscattering that occurs when coherent radiation is multiply scattered by a random medium, is usually attributed to weak localization.

The energy at which the increased backscattering occurs can also be used to determine the depth at which the displaced atoms are and a defect depth profile can be built up as a result.

The phase and amplitude of the backscattered wave are dependent on the type of atom doing the backscattering and the distance of the backscattering atom from the central atom.

Neutron backscattering was proposed by Heinz Maier-Leibnitz in 1966, and realized by some of his students in a test setup at the research reactor FRM I in Garching bei München, Germany.

A radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) is a system for measuring the atmospheric lapse rate using backscattering of radio waves from an acoustic wave front to measure the speed of sound at various heights above the ground.

He has an outstanding track record of achievements in developing of biomedical instruments, Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy, ultrafast spectroscopy, biomedical imaging techniques, optical physics, semiconductors, nanotechnology, coherent backscattering, supercontinuum and tunable laser sources.

W. Happer, G. J. MacDonald, C. E. Max, and F. J. Dyson, "Atmospheric-turbulence compensation by resonant optical backscattering from the sodium layer in the upper atmosphere," J. Opt.