No discrete axial filament has been reported for calcareous sponges.

Their axial filaments consists of endoflagella and periplasmic flagella.

Their genus features include spirochetes, which means that they are spiral with axial filaments (endoflagellum).

The thallus (tissue) consists of fine branched filaments each with a central axial filament supporting pericentral cells.

Spirochaeta also have unique flagella, sometimes called axial filaments, which run lengthwise between the cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane.

They argue that the name flagella should be restricted only to prokaryotic organelles, such as bacterial flagella and spirochaete axial filaments.

Colloblasts consist of a coiled spiral filament that is embedded in the epidermis and an axial filament with a granular dome.

The L-ring of the bacterial flagellum is the ring in the lipid outer cell membrane through which the axial filament (rod, hook, and flagellum) passes.

Like other spirochetes, such as Treponema pallidum (the agent of syphilis), B. burgdorferi has an axial filament composed of flagella which run lengthways between its cell wall and outer membrane.

Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, sometimes called axial filaments, which run lengthwise between the bacterial inner membrane and outer membrane in periplasmic space.

The rotation of the axial filament relative to the cell body causes the entire bacterium to move forward in a corkscrew-like motion, even through material viscous enough to prevent the passage of normally flagellated bacteria.

Other bacteria, such as Spirochetes, have a specialized type of flagellum called an "axial filament" that is located in the periplasmic space, the rotation of which causes the entire bacterium to move forward in a corkscrew-like motion.

Both zonal centrifugation in sucrose gradients and centrifugation in isopycnic KBr and CsCl gradients could be used to separate the outer envelope from the axial filaments and protoplasmic cylinders.

Other bacteria, such as most Spirochetes, have two or more specialized flagella (endoflagella) arising from opposite poles of the cell, which together constitute the so-called "axial filament" that is located within the periplasmic space between the flexible cell wall and an outer sheath.

The cuticular pore canal system has medial axial filaments and peripheral fibrils, which seem to serve as wicks in transporting, primarily, lipids to the surface of membranes, and sclerotins, cuticulin, and lipids into the upper layers of cuticle in sclerites.