All the conditions of anti-dumping tariffs were met; there is no doubt about that.

These instruments, however, are much faster and easier to use than anti-dumping tariffs.

For the first time, Japan imposed anti-dumping tariffs on imports from another country.

Japan imposed anti-dumping tariffs for the first time, acting against Chinese producers of a steel-making material.

Consequently, the effect of anti-dumping tariffs will be minimal, and in any case they apply to just 11% of the Union's total imports.

And in May, Washington raised its anti-dumping tariffs on Mexican cement to 60 percent from 43 percent.

Currently this takes many months, and for anti-dumping tariffs as long as nine months, which exposes European producers to huge losses.

This came after the Commerce Department imposed anti-dumping tariffs against Brazil and Japan and negotiated a trade agreement.

The commission's ruling upheld anti-dumping tariffs of up to 450 percent against NEC, which the Commerce Department imposed in August.

The changes would allow Americans and Europeans to continue imposing anti-dumping tariffs on low-priced imported goods, often from Asia and Latin America.

Right from the start we realised that this would be a very tough and complicated case, and, after a thorough investigation, the Commission in April imposed temporary anti-dumping tariffs.

Japan has vigorously protested a provisional decision this week by the United States Commerce Department to impose anti-dumping tariffs on steel imports from Japan and 18 other countries.

Firstly, anti-dumping tariffs are imposed by the Commission on a product on the basis of proof that its price on the EU market does not exceed the cost of production.

Steps like slapping anti-dumping tariffs on Japanese cars could drive up prices for American consumers and signal corporations that they can do well by spending their money and executive time on begging Washington for protection instead of on getting more competitive.

While the anti-dumping tariffs hit pasta makers from both countries, the matter is much more serious for the Italians, who are far larger pasta makers and who are more resolute about staking a long-term claim in the American market.

The forestry industry, which contributes about one-fifth of the province's gross domestic product and employs about 14 percent of the workers, has been hit by weakening demand and by hefty American anti-dumping tariffs on Canadian softwood lumber.

In addition, the United States Commerce Department reached a preliminary decision last October to levy anti-dumping tariffs on Korean D-RAM exports to the United States, a development that will increase the sales of Japanese chips.

If the panel ruled against the United States, and if three-quarters of GATT's member countries endorsed the ruling, then the Administration would have to cancel the anti-dumping tariff or allow another country to impose steep tariffs on American goods.

What is happening shows that the authorities of these countries are unwilling to change their behaviour and, in view of their repeated unfair practices, I would have preferred the original version of the sanctions, which called for anti-dumping tariffs for five years, rather than for the two-year period that has finally been decided on.