These factors are secreted directly into the cells using a Type three secretion system.

Type three secretion system (microbiology)

Evolution from Type Three Secretion Systems.

But the type three secretion system evolving from flagellum can be seen as 'reductive evolution,' and receives no topological support from the phylogenetic trees.

Effector proteins: These can be secreted into the extracellular environment or directly into the host cell, often via the Type three secretion system.

Many gram-negative bacteria have injectisomes, or flagella-like projections, to directly deliver the virulent exoenzyme into the host cell using a type three secretion system.

The translocated actin-recruiting phosphoprotein (Tarp) is a protein that may mediate the invasion of epithelial cells by Chlamydia trachomatis using a type three secretion system.

Examples for Yersinia pestis are an altered form of lipopolysaccharide, type three secretion system, and YopE and YopJ pathogenicity.

At least 10 protein components of the bacterial flagellum share homologous proteins with the type three secretion system (TTSS), hence there is agreement that one evolved from the other.

Tir, along with over 25 other bacterial proteins, is secreted from attaching and effacing E. coli directly into the cytoplasm of intestinal epithelial cells by a Type three secretion system.

Type three secretion system (often written Type III secretion system and abbreviated TTSS or T3SS, also called Injectisome or Injectosome) is a protein appendage found in several Gram-negative bacteria.

Given the structural similarities between bacterial flagella and bacterial secretory systems, it is thought that bacterial flagella may have evolved from the type three secretion system; however, it is not known for certain whether these pores are derived from the bacterial flagella or the bacterial secretory system.