Then one can move to step five in the procedure above, applying Hund's rules.

However Hund's rules should not be used to order states other than the lowest for a given configuration.

The relative order of energies is determined using Hund's rules.

Hund's Rules will usually give the ground term correctly, but they are less reliable for the higher energy states.

Hund's rules work best for the determination of the ground state of an atom or molecule.

Because of Hund's rules, the first few electrons in a shell tend to have the same spin, thereby increasing the total dipole moment.

From Hund's rules, these electrons have parallel spins in the ground state, and so dioxygen has a net magnetic moment (it is paramagnetic).

Fifth, applying Hund's rules, deduce which is the ground state (or the lowest state for the configuration of interest.)

In chemistry, the first of Hund's rules is especially important and is often referred to as simply Hund's rule.

Friedrich Hund a physicist of the pioneering generation of quantum mechanics (see Hund's rules) was born here.

This additional quantum number, spin, became the basis for the modern standard model used today, which includes the use of Hund's rules, and an explanation of beta decay.

Paramagnetism occurs in certain kinds of iron-bearing minerals because the iron contains an unpaired electron in one of their shells (see Hund's rules).

This system of nomenclature incorporated Bohr energy levels, Hund-Mulliken orbital theory, and observations on electron spin based on spectroscopy and Hund's rules.

However two electrons can never have the same exact quantum state nor the same set of quantum numbers according to Hund's Rules, which addresses the Pauli exclusion principle.

The Hund's cases, which are particular regimes in molecular angular momentum coupling, and Hund's rules, which govern electron configurations, are important in spectroscopy and quantum chemistry.

The double-exchange predicts that this electron movement from one species to another will be facilitated more easily if the electrons do not have to change spin direction in order to conform with Hund's rules when on the accepting species.

In atomic physics, Hund's rules refer to a set of rules formulated by German physicist Friedrich Hund around 1927, which are used to determine the term symbol that corresponds to the ground state of a multi-electron atom.