Improved air intake system for better low-speed engine performance.

This is why low-speed engines have relatively large journals, with only modest pump size and pressure.

Certainly the weights of both the low-speed engine and the Michel engine seem excessive.

As of 2008, all produced low-speed engines with crosshead bearings are in-line configurations; no Vee versions have been produced.

Medium speed diesel engines operate on either diesel fuel or heavy fuel oil by direct injection in the same manner as low-speed engines.

It was costly and ultimately impossible to provide a belt-drive between a low-speed engine and a high-speed generator in the very large ratings required for central station service.

The German firm particularly benefits from its dominant 80 percent share of the market for massive two-stroke low-speed engines, a highly lucrative business with margins of 20 percent and more.

Companies such as MAN B&W Diesel, (formerly Burmeister & Wain) and Wärtsilä (which acquired Sulzer Diesel) design such large low-speed engines.

The main delay reasons were troubles integrating the avionics and the engine to the aircraft, high-altitude and low-speed engine flame out (high wing attack angles caused insufficient airflow), engines not meeting the bird strike criteria, and directional stability challenges.