The latter are said to reside in the second coordination sphere.

The interactions between the first and second coordination spheres usually involve hydrogen-bonding.

There is some evidence that the later lanthanides have more water molecules in the second coordination sphere.

The second coordination sphere is not a well defined entity for ions with charge 1 or 2.

Solvent effects on colors and stability are often attributable to changes in the second coordination sphere.

These reactions often do not directly break any metal-ligand bonds, but occur in the second coordination sphere.

Simulation of the second coordination sphere is of interest in computational chemistry.

Crown-ethers bind to polyamine complexes through their second coordination sphere.

Molecules that are attached noncovalently to the ligands are called the second coordination sphere.

Mechanisms of metalloproteins often invoke modulation of the second coordination sphere by the protein.

Macrocyclic molecules such as cyclodextrins act often as the second coordination sphere for metal complexes.

The rates at which ligands exchange between the first and the second coordination sphere is the first step in ligand substitution reactions.

The effect is attributed to the interaction of the optically pure substance with the second coordination sphere of the racemate.

The disproportionation is most likely catalyzed in the second coordination sphere, but the mechanism of electron transfer is still up for debate.

BH4 is concommitantly shifted toward the iron atom, although the pterin cofactor remains in the second coordination sphere.

More distant from the second coordination sphere, the solvent molecules behave more like "bulk solvent."

Nonetheless the second coordination sphere is relevant to understanding reactions of the metal complex, including the mechanisms of ligand exchange and catalysis.

In associative ligand substitution, the entering nucleophile resides in the second coordination sphere.

The energetics of inner sphere electron transfer reactions are discussed in terms of second coordination sphere.

Compared to the first coordination sphere, the second coordination sphere has a less direct influence on the reactivity and chemical properties of the metal complex.

The participation of various solvents in the second coordination sphere of Co(II) pyrazolylborate has been investigated.

This corresponds to a case in which there is no detectable second coordination sphere and leads to the prediction that T1 will be independent of solute concentration.

The role of substituted anilines as second coordination sphere ligands of cobalt(II) complexes has been investigated.

Some proton coupled electron transfer reactions involve atom transfer between the second coordination spheres of the reactants:

The second model involves a discrete second coordination sphere and leads to the prediction that above a certain concentration T1 will vary linearly with solute concentration.