The phage is covered by a protective protein coat, which normally contains sulfur.

Possible mechanisms of action of these protective proteins include:

While everyone makes IgE, people who have allergies make larger quantities of this protective protein.

The spinal cord is surrounded by a layer of protective protein coating called myelin (see figure).

The coagulation system or clotting cascade which forms a protective protein mesh over sites of injury.

The parasite switches around its var genes, creating new protective proteins to which the host immune system is temporarily blind.

In the lysosome, this enzyme is part of a heterotrimeric complex together with beta-galactosidase and cathepsin A (the latter also referred to as 'protective protein').

(Sometimes the gene encoding p53 is not mutated, but another protective protein named BAX is.)

Many viruses (e.g. influenza and many animal viruses) have viral envelopes covering their protective protein capsids.

Different strains have varying resiliencies to hemp mosaic virus due to varying levels of the hormone responsible for the production of the protective protein coatings.

Whilst dominant mutations overwhelm the ability of cells to survive, recessive mutations result in the absence of protective proteins and make the neuron grow weaker.

They determined that a protective protein coat was formed around the bacteriophage, but that the internal DNA is what conferred its ability to produce progeny inside a bacteria.

In order to conserve energy, sarcK open, reducing the duration of the action potential while nucK-mediated Ca concentration changes within the nucleus favor the expression of protective protein genes.

The adaptive immune system is dependent on lymphocytes, which are not phagocytes but produce protective proteins called antibodies, which tag invaders for destruction and prevent viruses from infecting cells.

Strain 1 produces a lethal toxin and a protein that protects itself from the toxin, Strain 2 produces only the protective protein, and Strain 3 produces neither.

Using various chemical processes, it was possible to strip out everything except the genes associated with its protective protein coat and those that allowed the virus to penetrate into the very heart, the nuclei, of human cells.

Exposure of laryngeal mucosa to enzymatically active pepsin, but not irreversibly inactivated pepsin or acid, results in reduced expression of protective proteins and thereby increases laryngeal susceptibility to damage.

RNA Pro is a prohormone product that helps stimulate the plants manufacture of that protective protein coating, making the virus' ability to attach to the plant's RNA more difficult.

PNH is the only hemolytic anemia caused by an acquired (rather than inherited) intrinsic defect in the cell membrane (deficiency of glycophosphatidylinositol leading to absence of protective proteins on the membrane).

Campbell ran his film production business until the late 1980s when he retired for health reasons, having discovered he had Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; an inherited genetic disorder, which leads to lung damage due to the lack of the protective protein, Alpha-1 antitrypsin.