This could include reimposition of targeted tariffs against the non-compliant country.

A way should be found not only of identifying non-compliant countries, but also of administering an appropriate level of coercion to bring about compliance.

An independent high-calibre mind could consider what should be the obligations for all UN member states in relation to proliferation risks, not just those of non-compliant countries.

The creation of a group of experts and eminent personalities, as this report suggests, could strengthen the 1540 Committee, to reinforce and further legitimise actions against non-compliant countries.

Finally, the United Nations Security Council has put forward a number of resolutions on Iran and North Korea’s nuclear programmes, furthering the international community’s resolve to deal with non-compliant countries.

The response is likely to involve a carbon tariff - an equalizing force that will tax the implicit subsidies on the carbon content of imports that come from carbon non-compliant countries."

Among the sanctions being considered by the G20 are the scrapping of tax treaty arrangements, imposing additional taxes on companies that operate in non-compliant countries, and tougher disclosure requirements for individuals and businesses that use shelters.

In comments to the European Parliament last week, ECB chief Draghi signalled flexibility to go beyond its modest bond purchases if governments credibly removed the threat of moral hazard for non-compliant countries.

However, in line with the current structure of the United Nations, the 1540 Committee lacks the means to sanction non-compliant countries other than to report them to the Security Council, which remains the only body empowered to impose coercive measures.

At the same time, the missed deadline raises questions on the EU's ability to deal with non-compliant countries, a serious concern given debt in several countries is weakening the currency used by other union members where economies are recovering, the EUobserver reported Monday.

Failure to comply with the Stability and Growth Pact obstructs the effort to achieve the Lisbon objectives, and the non-compliant countries - France and Germany, along with Belgium - are also trailing furthest behind in the transposition of the directives on the single market.

Seek a role for the European Union in the implementation of the agreement for dismantling North Korea’s nuclear facilities in view of the crucial importance for future nuclear non-proliferation efforts of successfully bringing a non-compliant country back under the wing of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT); 6.

Negotiation should make it possible to gain the time that is needed to demonstrate how successful implementation of the agreement with North Korea has set the precedent for other non-compliant countries once again to become trusted members of the NPT and fully regain the privilege they formerly enjoyed of access to civil nuclear energy.

He compared the inaction of Borg, who has been in the post for two months, with the action of his predecessor, John Dalli who when investigating non- compliance with the ban on battery caged hens sent teams of inspectors into non-compliant countries to gather evidence, and also promised that the commission would take these countries to court.