The culture showed evidence of millet cultivation and pig domestication.

Somehow they introduced millet cultivation from Africa.

For example, some of the earliest evidence of millet cultivation in China was found at Cishan (north).

While millet cultivation is common among the Peiligang culture, rice cultivation at Jiahu is unique.

Cishan dates for common millet husk phytoliths and biomolecular components have been identified around 8300-6700 BC in storage pits along with remains of pit-houses, pottery, and stone tools related to millet cultivation.

Taking an average for all lands devoted to grain production during the years from 1981 to 1985, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), sorghum and millet cultivation accounted for 85% of the total area.

For example, every inches of arable land available in the valley is use for cultivation, even the agricultural plot bunds are use for millet cultivation, and limited water resources is use for irrigating all the agricultural plot.