Barlow's disease - infantile scurvy - is named after him.

At the time of this writing, infantile scurvy in the United States is practically nonexistent.

Cheadle published the first observation on acute rachitis after J. O. L. Möller, calling the disease infantile scurvy.

Infantile scurvy emerged in the late 19th century due to children being fed pasteurized cow's milk, particularly in the urban upper class - the pasteurization killed bacteria, but also destroyed vitamin C. This was eventually resolved by supplementing with onion juice or cooked potatoes.