He was the first user of the dart gun in the UK and was the first vet in the country to trial and adopt the newer immobilising drugs for large animals.

They have also been used in the solubilizing and immobilizing of fullerene compounds.

When this occurs, a non-conscious affective process takes the form of two control mechanisms; one mobilizing and the other immobilizing.

A 1998 estimate by the International Association of Chiefs of Police suggested at least 113 pepper spray-related fatalities had occurred in the United States, all with aggravating factors such as intoxication, pre-existing health problems, or from the police use of airway-restrictive immobilizing holds that can cause positional asphyxia.