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Many fluorescent stains have been designed for a range of biological molecules.
Fluorescent stains are, however, phototoxic, invasive and bleach when observed.
Both are fluorescent stains.
Commonly used fluorescent stains include topically applied acriflavine, and intravenously administered fluorescein sodium.
DAPI's blue emission is convenient for microscopists who wish to use multiple fluorescent stains in a single sample.
Synthetic and organic fluorescent stains have therefore been developed to label such compounds, making them observable by fluorescent microscopy (Video 2).
They also do not autofluoresce, so they can be used for applications using fluorescent stains, DIC or polarized light.
It has been documented that Leishman staining is more sensitive than Field's stain and as good as fluorescent stains for detection of malaria parasite.
Since the mid 20th century chemical fluorescent stains, such as DAPI which binds to DNA, have been used to label specific structures within the cell.
There are several methods of creating a fluorescent sample; the main techniques are labelling with fluorescent stains or, in the case of biological samples, expression of a fluorescent protein.
When crystal violet is used as an alternative to fluorescent stains, it is not necessary to use ultraviolet illumination; this has made crystal violet popular as a means of avoiding UV-induced DNA destruction when performing DNA cloning in vitro.