In this way, Faraday's "flux tubes" become elementary excitations of the quantum electromagnetic field.
The first kind of elementary excitation consists in choosing as before, but increasing by an amount (or decreasing by ).
The exciton is regarded as an elementary excitation of condensed matter that can transport energy without transporting net electric charge.
Confinement has recently been found in elementary excitations of magnetic systems called spinons.
The single phonon is called an elementary excitation.
When the material is characterized as having "several elementary excitations", this statement presupposes that the different excitations can be combined together.
However, in many materials, the elementary excitations are very close to being independent.
In theoretical physics, a roton is an elementary excitation, or quasiparticle, in superfluid helium-4.
We note that an exciton is an electrically neutral quasiparticle which describes an elementary excitation of condensed matter.
In superfluid He the elementary collective excitations are phonons and rotons.
