Krupp armour

In Formidable, however, Krupp armour was used to improve protection without reducing the size of the ship.

All plate was Krupp armour made by Vickers.

The Scharnhorst-class ships were equipped with Krupp armour.

The Evstafi-class ships used Krupp armour.

Krupp armour was a type of steel armour used in the construction of capital ships starting shortly before the end of the 19th century.

Ballistic testing shows that KCA and Krupp armour were roughly equal in other respects.

However, its reign was brief; in 1895, the German Kaiser Friedrich III pioneered the even better Krupp armour.

Instead of attempting to inefficiently introduce carbon at the surface from coals, Krupp armour achieved greater depth of carbon cementation by applying carbon-bearing gases to the heated steel.

Also, while Harveyized armour was carburized by heating the steel and physically placing charcoal on its surface for long durations (often several weeks), Krupp armour took this basic idea a large step forward.

The introduction of Krupp armour in six inch thickness rendered the "armoured" protection scheme more effective for the largest first class cruisers, and no large first class protected cruisers were built after 1898.

KCA still retains the hardened face of Krupp armour via the application of carbonized gases but also retains a much greater fibrous elasticity on the rear of the plate.

The Ministry also hoped to use the new, more resistant Krupp armour, but Russian plants had proven unable to manufacture it when it was ordered and Harvey armour was used instead.

Weissenburg and Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm were armored with nickel steel Krupp armour, but due to delivery problems, Brandenburg and Wörth were armored with a composite armor.

Krupp cemented armour (Krupp cemented steel, K.C. armor, or KCA) is a further evolved variant of Krupp Armour, developed during the early years of the 20th century.

The final ship, Vengeance, had an improved mounting that allowed loading at any elevation; her turret gunhouses differed from those of her sisters in being Krupp-armoured and flat-sided (Krupp armour plates were difficult to form into curves).

The Canopuses employed Krupp armour in their construction, which possessed greater strength for a given weight compared to that of the Majestics Harvey armour; this allowed the Canopuses to be lighter and faster without sacrificing protection.

A number of different proposals had been considered earlier, including one to replace all of her obsolete Harvey armour with modern Krupp armour and others to replace her main guns or turrets, but these were rejected as too expensive.

The initial manufacturing of Krupp armour was very similar to Harveyized armour; however, while the Harvey process generally used nickel-steel, the Krupp process added as much as 1% chromium to the alloy in order to gain additional hardness.

To save weight the Canopus class carried less armour than the Majestics, but a change from Harvey armour in the Majestics to Krupp armour in the Canopus class meant that the protective capability of the armour was maintained.