As a formal theory, counterpart theory can be used to translate sentences into modal quantificational logic.

A sequel to PHL245H1, developing skills in quantificational logic and treating of definite descriptions.

PHIL 2143 Axiomatic Logic This course studies the metatheory of axiomatic propositional and quantificational logic.

In order to clarify his philosophical proposal Peña has set up several systems of sentential and quantificational logic which he calls "transitive logic", TL, as partial implementations of his programme.

PHIL 2104 Natural Deductive Logic This course studies a natural deductive system of propositional and quantificational logic, the firstorder theory of identity and the firstorder theory of relations.

Relation of m-valued quantificational logic to 2-valued quantificational logic", Summaries of Talks Presented at the Summer Institute for Symbolic Logic, Institute for Defense Analysis, Communications Research Division, Princeton, pp. 303-4."

Sentences that seem to be quantifying over possible individuals should be translated into CT. (Explicit primitives and axioms have not yet been stated for the temporal or spatial use of CT.) Let CT be stated in quantificational logic and contain the following primitives:

The practice of formalism is challenged by those who observe that formal languages (such as present-day quantificational logic) fail to capture the expressive power of natural languages (as is arguably demonstrated in the awkward character of the quantificational explanation of definite description statements, as laid out by Bertrand Russell).