Many children will gradually learn to control their esotropias, sometimes with the help of orthoptic exercises.

Where appropriate, orthoptic exercises can be used to attempt to restore binocularity.

Treatment options for esotropia include glasses to correct refractive errors (see accommodative esotropia below), the use of prisms and/or orthoptic exercises and/or eye muscle surgery.

Although neither study examined reading efficiency or comprehension, both demonstrated that computerized home orthoptic exercises, when combined with weekly in-office vision therapy, were more effective than "pencil pushups" (a commonly prescribed home-based treatment) for improving the symptoms of asthenopia and the convergence ability of the eyes.

During her orthoptic training, she met Fred Hollows, with whom she did a great deal of work treating Aboriginal Australians for a range of eye conditions including trachoma.