For details, see the article on measurement in quantum mechanics.

This follows from the principles of measurement in quantum mechanics.

Expansions of this sort play an important role in measurement in quantum mechanics.

The particle-like behavior is most evident due to phenomena associated with measurement in quantum mechanics.

The rules for measurement in quantum mechanics are particularly simple to state in terms of density matrices.

Note that the phase problem constitutes a fundamental limitation ultimately related to the nature of measurement in quantum mechanics.

See also quantum mind-body problem, measurement in quantum mechanics and Schrödinger's cat.

Measurement in Quantum mechanics.

Thus the quantum mechanical observer does not necessarily present or solve any problems over and above the (admittedly difficult) issue of measurement in quantum mechanics.

It is the essence of measurement in quantum mechanics, and connects the wave function with classical observables like position and momentum.

In a sense, QND measurements are the "most classical" and least disturbing type of measurement in quantum mechanics.

The expectation value of the measurement can be calculated by extending from the case of pure states (see Measurement in quantum mechanics):

It can be used to demonstrate that electrons and atoms have intrinsically quantum properties, and how measurement in quantum mechanics affects the system being measured.

The theoretical foundation of the concept of measurement in quantum mechanics is a contentious issue deeply connected to the many interpretations of quantum mechanics.

The standard description of measurement in quantum mechanics is also time asymmetric (see Measurement in quantum mechanics).

Although measurement in quantum mechanics remains controversial, mainstream interpretations have never required a conscious observer to perform the wave function collapse, (by stipulation, a Geiger counter will do).

In quantum mechanics, the Mott problem is a paradox that illustrates some of the difficulties of understanding the nature of wave function collapse and measurement in quantum mechanics.

In physics, interaction-free measurement is a type of measurement in quantum mechanics that detects the position or state of an object without an interaction occurring between it and the measuring device.

It may even be that whatever we are trying to measure is changing in time (see dynamic models), or is fundamentally probabilistic (as is the case in quantum mechanics - see Measurement in quantum mechanics).

The traveller who reaches this point is rewarded by an insight into why our powers of measurement in quantum mechanics are more restricted than they are in classical mechanics; why we cannot, for instance, measure both the position of an electron and its momentum.

Study of the problem of measurement in quantum mechanics has shown that measurement of any object involves interactions between the measuring apparatus and that object that inevitably affect it in some way; at the scale of particles this effect is necessarily large.

This new interpretation solves the problems of the use of environmental decoherence as a solution to the problem of measurement in quantum mechanics by invoking fundamental limitations, due to the quantum mechanical nature of clocks, in the process of measurement in quantum mechanics.

By 1930, quantum mechanics had been further unified and formalized by the work of David Hilbert, Paul Dirac and John von Neumann, with a greater emphasis placed on measurement in quantum mechanics, the statistical nature of our knowledge of reality, and philosophical speculation about the role of the observer.