Modern Caesareans typically involve a horizontal incision along the muscle fibres in the lower portion of the uterus (hence the term lower uterine segment Caesarean section).

Mothers with a previous 'bikini cut' or lower uterine segment caesarian are considered the best candidates, as that region of the uterus is under less physical stress during labor and delivery.

Trauma, hypertension, or coagulopathy contributes to the avulsion of the anchoring placental villi from the expanding lower uterine segment, which in turn, leads to bleeding into the decidua basalis.

"Scanzoni's second os": (hourglass uterine constriction) A constriction at the junction of the thinned lower uterine segment with the thick retracted upper uterine segment.

Placenta praevia (placenta previa AE) is an obstetric complication in which the placenta is inserted partially or wholly in lower uterine segment.

Westin SN, Lacour RA, Urbauer DL, et al.: Carcinoma of the lower uterine segment: a newly described association with Lynch syndrome.

The lower uterine segment section is the procedure most commonly used today; it involves a transverse cut just above the edge of the bladder and results in less blood loss and is easier to repair.

When you and the medical staff are certain that you're numb, a horizontal cut is made through your lower abdomen, followed by an incision in the lower uterine segment to ease out the baby (you may feel pulling).

In your notes, you may see it written as CS, LSCS (lower segment caesarean section) or LUSCS (lower uterine segment caesarean section).