But some of these, such as Actinomycin D, were proved useful in treating cancers.

In cell biology, Actinomycin D is shown to have the ability to inhibit transcription.

However, there were no significant differences among these cells in the extent of death caused by staurosporine, actinomycin D, daunorubicin and camptothecin (data not shown).

Where indicated, the cells were also exposed to staurosporine, actinomycin D, daunorubicin, and camptothecin for 16-24 hr, before determining the extent of cell death.

The TGF-β1 inhibition of Hyal-1 and Hyal-2 effects could be abolished by cycloheximide or actinomycin D (data not shown).

The related compound actinomycin D is nonfluorescent, but binds DNA in the same way as 7-AAD.

In contrast, Hyal-1 and Hyal-2 did not enhance L929 cell death by anticancer drugs such as daunorubicin, actinomycin D, staurosporine and camptothecin.

Actinomycin D, roscovitine, phorbol ester and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were purchased from Calbiochem.

We have investigated the kinetics of dissociation of actinomycin D from DNA by a variation of the footprinting technique.

Actinomycin D and its fluorescent derivative, 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD), are used as stains in microscopy and flow cytometry applications.

The antitumour antibiotic actinomycin D binds to DNA by intercalation of its phenoxazone chromophore, unwinding the helix by 26 [1,2].

CHEMOTHERAPY: Actinomycin D and doxorubicin (enhance radiation therapy effect)

RNA and protein degradation rates are measured by means of transcription inhibitors (actinomycin D or α-amanitin) or translation inhibitors (Cycloheximide), respectively.

Also, following stress, ultraviolet light, or the administration of actinomycin D and DRB to cells, the large complex is converted to the small complex to stimulate transcription [22,23].

To examine this possibility, countin mRNA levels were examined after the inhibition of transcription, 2 hours after the onset of development, using actinomycin D [ 40 ] .

Actinomycin D and distamycin were purchased from Sigma and stored as solutions in 10mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 containing 10mM NaCl.

L929 cells were electroporated with the GFP-Hyal-1 or GFP-Hyal-2 construct, cultured for 48 hr and then exposed to actinomycin D, daunorubicin or camptothecin for 24 hr.

CHEMOTHERAPY: Vincristine, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), procarbazine, nitrogen mustard (HN2)

Malogolowkin M, Cotton CA, Green DM, et al.: Treatment of Wilms tumor relapsing after initial treatment with vincristine, actinomycin D, and doxorubicin.

Actinomycin D inhibits transcription initiation broadly by intercalating into DNA whereas DRB inhibits the transcription elongation factor P-TEFb [ 12].

Actinomycin D (also known generically as Actinomycin or Dactinomycin), is the most significant member of actinomycines, which are a class of polypeptide antibiotics isolated from soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces.

Throughout the 1950s and '60s, Farber continued to make advances in cancer research, notably the 1955 discovery that the antibiotic actinomycin D and radiation therapy could produce remission in Wilms' tumor, a pediatric cancer of the kidneys.

Newlands ES, Bagshawe KD, Begent RH, et al.: Results with the EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, vincristine) regimen in high risk gestational trophoblastic tumours, 1979 to 1989.

At present, treatment with single-agent methotrexate is recommended for low-risk disease, while intense combination regimens including EMACO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclosphosphamide and vincristine (Oncovin) are recommended for intermediate or high-risk disease.

Viral RdRPs were discovered in the early 1960s from studies on mengovirus and polio virus when it was observed that these viruses were not sensitive to actinomycin D, a drug that inhibits cellular DNA-directed RNA synthesis.