His 1918 thesis was based on observations of abdominal reflexes.

Abdominal Reflex Is a superficial neurological reflex stimulated by stroking of the abdomen around the umbilicus.

The specific dermatomes affected can be demonstrated clinically, and although lower limb deep tendon reflexes and plantar reflex are lost, abdominal reflexes are preserved.

A thorough neurological examination is also performed, the Skin for café au lait spots, indicative of neurofibromatosis, the feet for cavovarus deformity, abdominal reflexes and muscle tone for spasticity.