I define this as the average of the fitness contributions of the N genes.

As θ , the probability that no two of the n genes are the same approaches 1.

In that case, in general, each gene is a Boolean function of all N genes.

The NK model is a simple toy world in which an organism has N genes.

Reports of potential polymorphisms in the N gene between isolates highlight the necessity for sequence-based characterization.

Significance ( p values) was estimated by sampling random sets of n genes 1 million times to determine the likelihood distribution for the dataset.

Each chromosome sequence maps to a named entry in the fasta file and would contain N gene sequences.

Phages that are related to lambda have different N genes and different antitermination specificities.

Given n genes and k replicates, let be the fold change and the rank of gene g in the i-th replicate.

Defects in the [lepti]n gene are associated with severe obesity in animals and in humans.

Assuming that there are n genes represented on the microarray, it is theoretically possible that each profile would yield an n -dimensional experiment vector.

Measuring basis quality Let A be an n x p matrix where the columns of A represent a collection of p transcription profiles over n genes.

The to the N combinations of alleles of the N genes are therefore located on the vertices of the N-dimensional hypercube, like Figure .

In one limiting case, the K inputs to each of the N genes are chosen at random from among the N. Each gene has two alleles, and .

Each of the N genes in the frog receives inputs from K genes in the frog and C genes in the fly, and vice versa.

The sign test computes the probability, in the form of a z -statistic, of finding x upregulated genes out of n genes that change in a given genomic region.

For p transcription profiles measuring the expression of n genes, let ij represent the logarithm of the expression of the i th gene in the j th experiment.

In addition, hemi-nested sequencing amplicons targeting RdRp (present in all coronaviruses) and N gene (specific to MERS-CoV) fragments can be generated for confirmation via sequencing.

Once this is done for each of the N genes, it remains to define the fitness of an organism with a specific allele at each of the N genes.

To study the generic features of such systems, I assign, once and for all, a random "fitness contribution" to each of the to the (K + ) combinations of allele states aecting each of the N genes.

Identification of adjacent similarly regulated genes We calculated the average pair-wise correlation of gene-expression profiles for all genes that were within n genes (an n -gene window) of one another using the Pearson correlation.

Complete nucleotide sequences have been determined for all 3 RNA segments, and previous studies of the molecular biology of the N gene (SRNA) of 28 different OROV strains indicated the existence of 3 genotypes, designated I, II, and III."